scholarly journals Annual screening using chest X-ray examination for the diagnosis of lung cancer

Cancer ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 2295-2298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Smart
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Annual Screening ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

scholarly journals Diagnostic bronchoscopy: an experience in a hospital of limited resources

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3558
Author(s):  
Chingakham Debeshwar Singh ◽  
P. Wilubuibou ◽  
Thounaojam Amusana Singh
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Diagnostic Bronchoscopy ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

Background: Diagnostic bronchoscopy is conventionally performed in evaluating undiagnosed abnormal chest x-ray findings, undiagnosed haemoptysis, pleural effusion, unexplained cough and collapse of lung etc. One indispensable use currently is for diagnosis of lung cancer. The aim of the study was to study the various types of patients who have undergone Diagnostic Bronchoscopy in a hospital of limited resources and the diagnostic outcomes of the procedures.Methods: A retrospective study of Bronchoscopies was done from October 2016 to January 2018, in Department of Respiratory Medicine in the hospital of a Medical College. All 178 patients of all age and any sex were included in the study. These patients present in the study had chest X-ray and CT scan of thorax. Other investigations done were ZN stains for AFB and CBNAAT-TB (Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test) for sputum and blood complete haemogram, prior to bronchoscopy.Results: Our study has shown that Diagnostic bronchoscopy is particularly useful in diagnosis of lung cancer, sputum smear negative Tuberculosis, if proper selection of cases is done even in a centre of limited resources. It has become an absolute necessity in a medical college hospital.Conclusions: Bronchoscopy in our resource limited set up shows that it is an indispensable tool for diagnosis of lung cancer with patients with clinical presentations of lung collapse, unresolved consolidation, lung masses, undiagnosed pleural effusions and haemoptysis. The usefulness can be much better if facilities like TBNA, EBUS are made available.

scholarly journals Lung Cancer and Radiological Imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-242
Author(s):  
Annalori Panunzio ◽  
Paolo Sartori
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Radiological Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Expert Review ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

Background: Lung cancer is the neoplasm with the highest prevalence and mortality rates in the world. Most patients with lung cancer that are symptomatic have hemoptysis, coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain and persistent infections. Less than 10% of patients are asymptomatic when the tumor is detected as an incidental finding. Objective: The present expert review aims to describe the use of radiological imaging modalities for the diagnosis of lung cancer. Methods: Some papers were selected from the international literature, by using mainly Pubmed as a source. Results: Chest x-ray (CXR) is the first investigation performed during the workup of suspected lung cancer. In the absence of a rib erosion, CXR cannot distinguish between benign and malignant masses, therefore computed tomography (CT) with contrast enhancement should be performed in order to obtain a correct staging. Magnetic resonance imaging of the chest is considered a secondary approach as the respiratory movement affects the overall results. Conclusion: Radiological imaging is essential for the management of patients affected by lung cancer.

scholarly journals Estimating lung cancer risk from chest X-ray and symptoms: a prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
pp. bjgp20X713993
Author(s):  
Stephen H Bradley ◽  
Nathaniel Luke Fielding Hatton ◽  
Rehima Aslam ◽  
Bobby Bhartia ◽  
Matthew EJ Callister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

BackgroundChest X-ray (CXR) is the first-line investigation for lung cancer in many countries but previous research has suggested that the disease is not detected by CXR in approximately 20% of patients. The risk of lung cancer, with particular symptoms, following a negative CXR is not known.AimTo establish the sensitivity and specificity of CXR requested by patients who are symptomatic; determine the positive predictive values (PPVs) of each presenting symptom of lung cancer following a negative CXR; and determine whether symptoms associated with lung cancer are different in those who had a positive CXR result compared with those who had a negative CXR result.Design and settingA prospective cohort study was conducted in Leeds, UK, based on routinely collected data from a service that allowed patients with symptoms of lung cancer to request CXR.MethodSymptom data were combined with a diagnostic category (positive or negative) for each CXR, and the sensitivity and specificity of CXR for lung cancer were calculated. The PPV of lung cancer associated with each symptom or combination of symptoms was estimated for those patients with a negative CXR.ResultsIn total, 114 (1.3%) of 8996 patients who requested a CXR were diagnosed with lung cancer within 1 year. Sensitivity was 75.4% and specificity was 90.2%. The PPV of all symptoms for a diagnosis of lung cancer within 1 year of CXR was <1% for all individual symptoms except for haemoptysis, which had a PPV of 2.9%. PPVs for a diagnosis of lung cancer within 2 years of CXR was <1.5% for all single symptoms except for haemoptysis, which had a PPV of 3.9%.ConclusionCXR has limited sensitivity; however, in a population with a low prevalence of lung cancer, its high specificity and negative predictive value means that lung cancer is very unlikely to be present following a negative result. Findings also support guidance that unexplained haemoptysis warrants urgent referral, regardless of CXR result.

scholarly journals Associations between general practice characteristics and chest x-ray rate: an observational study

2021 ◽  
pp. BJGP.2021.0232
Author(s):  
Stephen H Bradley ◽  
Matthew Barclay ◽  
Benjamin Cornwell ◽  
Gary A Abel ◽  
Matthew Callister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Patient Satisfaction Scores ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
General Practices

Background: Chest x-ray (CXR) is the first-line test for lung cancer in many settings. Previous research has suggested that higher utilisation of CXR is associated with improved outcomes. Aim: To explore the associations between characteristics of general practices and frequency of investigation with CXR. Design & Setting: Retrospective observational study of English general practices. Method: We constructed a database of English general practices containing number of CXRs requested and data on practices for 2018, including patient & staff demographics, smoking prevalence, deprivation and patient satisfaction indicators. Mixed effects Poisson modelling was used to account for variation due to chance and to estimate the amount of remaining variation that could be attributed to practice and population characteristics. Results: There was substantial variation in GP CXR rates (median 34 per 1000 patients, IQR 26-43). Only 18% of between-practice variance in CXR rate was accounted for by recorded characteristics. Higher practice scores for continuity and communication skills and higher proportions of smokers, Asian and mixed ethnic groups, and patients aged >65 were associated with increased CXR rates. Higher patient satisfaction scores for access and with greater proportions of male and patients of black ethnicity were associated with lower CXR rates. Conclusion: Substantial variation was found in CXR rates beyond that expected by chance, which could not be accounted for by practices’ recorded characteristics. Since other research has indicated that increasing CXR rates can lead to earlier detection, supporting practices which currently investigate infrequently could be an effective strategy to improve lung cancer outcomes.

Differential diagnosis of hemoptysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Petr Arkadievich Ilyin
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Diagnostic Investigation ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Blood expectoration or hemoptysis is the coughing up of sputum with blood from the larynx, bronchi or lungs. Hemoptysis is most often caused by diseases of the respiratory tract and lungs — bronchitis or pneumonia, as well as lung cancer, aspergilloma, tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, pulmonary embolism, etc. In the diagnostic investigation of the cause of hemoptysis, it is important to take a detailed history (in the case of an epidemiological history, a laboratory analysis of the secreted sputum for the detection of the causative agent of an infectious disease is necessary), to make the correct interpretation of the patient’s complaints and an assessment of the nature of the sputum (differential diagnosis with bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract). A chest X-ray is performed and, then, if indicated, computed tomography, bronchoscopy, and other studies are made. The article presents an algorithm for differential diagnostic investigation of hemoptysis in a patient

Risk group chest X-ray for the early detection of lung cancer

2008 ◽  
Vol 149 (21) ◽  
pp. 975-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

Magyarországon a gümőkór elleni szervezett küzdelem egyik legfontosabb eleme a mellkasi röntgenvizsgálaton alapuló évenkénti kötelező lakosságszűrés bevezetése volt. A hetvenes években megközelítően a teljes felnőttnépesség részt vett tüdőszűrésen. A tbc epidemiológiai helyzetének javulásával egyre nagyobb jelentőséggel bír a tüdőrákos betegeknek a szűrővizsgálat „melléktermékeként” történő korai felfedezése. A jövőben a kiemelési hatékonyság érdekében a súlyt a rizikócsoport vizsgálatára kell helyeznünk. Ez a tüdőrák esetében a negyvenévesnél idősebb dohányosok évenkénti ajánlott mellkasi röntgenvizsgálatát jelentheti. Az ajánlott vizsgálat előnyeinek bizonyítására elvégeztük a budapesti tüdőrák-prevalencia retrospektív elemzését. 2511 beteg adatai alapján megállapítottuk, hogy az öt évnél tovább élő tüdőrákos betegek 60%-át fedezték fel szűrővizsgálattal, szemben a panasszal felfedezettek 40%-ával. A szűréssel kiemeltek körében 34% volt az operábilitási ráta, míg a panasszal felfedezetteknek csak a 14%-át lehetett megoperálni. Megállapítottuk, hogy a radikális reszekciós műtét elvégzése valódi többlettúlélési esélyt jelent e betegek számára. Ezt az operált betegek kedvezőbb – három-négy éves – túlélése igazolja. Igaz ugyanakkor az is, hogy a későbbiekben, a kialakuló recidívák miatt a tüdőrák mortalitása nem javul a céllakosság körében. A jelenlegi kiemelési adatok ismeretében ez évente 5–600 beteg számára jelent reálisan többlettúlélési esélyt. Az ajánlott rizikócsoportok (>40 év, dohányosok) mellkasi röntgenvizsgálata esetén az operábilitási ráta további javulásával 1100–1200 beteg kaphatná meg ezt az esélyt.

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